Research Paper on Identity Crisis Essay Example

Research Paper on Identity Crisis Essay Identity crisis is a mental condition caused by the frustration from incapability to implement internal necessities of life – motives, values, accompanied by the violation of emotional, mental, emotional balance. There are processes and life situations, insoluble by practical and cognitive activity; therefore, they can be solved by experience, which is understood as a special activity for adjusting to the environment in critical situations. Identity crisis is associated with feelings of inconsistency of own condition to the changing demands of the environment. Available personal resources do not allow the person to realize significant, fundamental for him goals, interests, and needs. Those who write research paper on identity crisis should know that a person can assess the situation as a problem, but to be unable to cope with it in familiar ways and therefore faces the need to develop new abilities, new meanings, new goals, of which he has rather vague ideas. Therefore, the crisis is a way of our development, and the price we are paying for the development. The origins of identity crises and age dynamics have been studied by many authors. For example, Eric Erikson identified eight stages of psychosocial development of the individual. We will write a custom essay sample on Research Paper on Identity Crisis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Research Paper on Identity Crisis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Research Paper on Identity Crisis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer At the stage that Eric Erickson called â€Å"average maturity,† what happens is usually called â€Å"midlife crisis.† There comes a time to score the first significant part of a person’s life. Re-evaluate and revise a person’s life achievements and prospects. Often they seem small and insignificant, besides unachieved goals and unfulfilled. They cause anxiety, a feeling that you do not live your life strive to foreign targets. Outwardly, everything is fine, but there are no sense of happiness and fullness of life. You begin to wonder: what are you living for? Does my life bring me a satisfaction? Why and where do I strive to? The appearance of such doubt means that the person has entered the crisis, and his previous experience is not suitable to address the problems of the second half of his life. There are several destructive ways out of the crisis: Regression – infantilism that allows us to overcome the problem by passing the buck to others. Denial – the perception of reality in a distorted way that the problem seems to disappear, leading to reduced activity, reduced scope of interests. Extreme variants of denial are psychosomatics, neurosis, psychosis. Repression – an idle state based on the belief that in this situation, nothing can be done, and any action is doomed to failure. These ways lead to the reduction or avoidance of psychological discomfort and anxiety without the solution of the crisis, promote evasion from dangerous situations, but do not solve the problem. The constructive way out of the crisis is the formation of a new relationship to the environment, new values and meanings, awareness of the problem and the redefinition of the situation, the development of new behaviors, willingness to accept responsibility for the consequences of your choice. Free sample research paper on identity crisis will show the best way to do your job. Note! All research paper examples about Identity Crisis are 100% plagiarized!!! At EssayLib.com custom writing service you can buy a custom research paper on Mormonism topics. Your research paper will be written from scratch. We hire top-rated Ph.D. and Master’s writers only to provide students with professional research paper assistance at affordable rates. Each customer will get a non-plagiarized paper with timely delivery. Just visit our website and fill in the order form with all paper details: Enjoy our professional research paper writing service!

Stunning College Basketball Players

Stunning College Basketball Players Best college basketball players ever: Top 10 Sport is our healthy life. Fortunately, it is becoming more and more popular nowadays. Now is exactly that period of time when stars of college basketball starts shining. Yes, college basketball is very popular now. So, if you feel exhilarated about it, let us present you a list of 10 top stunning college basketball players. SF Jaylen Brown Ranked by 10th position, Jaylen Brown always does his best to contribute greatly for Cal`s success. And, he always manages to do so. Brown main specialty is that he attacks the basket in a very proper way and thanks to his size makes it impossible for opponents to do something against the hit. He helps a lot to prospect Cal and lead it to unprecedented success. PG Tyler Ulis Position number 9 is for Tyler Ulis here in this list of the best college basketball players. He is from Kentucky College and is well-known for being signature floater. Ulis has many chances to lead Kentucky to a real success in various competitions. He is also well-known for being a great distributor. Besides it, Ulis can perfectly attack the basket any time needed. G Brandon Ingram Number 8 is for Brandon Ingram from Duke. He is considered to be a top player. Ingram is able to professionally attack the basket. He also shoots greatly: over 40% from behind the three-point line. Despite the fact he is a good player now and has all physical characteristics required, Ingram still needs to get stronger to achieve a real success and all his goals. PG Melo Trimble Melo Trimble is a basketball player from the Maryland College. He is always ready to attack the basket. In addition, Trimble is good in jumpers` hitting. He is also considered to be a solid scorer. PG Kris Dunn Kris is a player from the school of Providence. He is one of the top NBA personalities in the tournament. Dunn is thought to be an excellent passer and defender. He always proves it while playing. C Jakob Poeltl The next player in this list is Jacob Poeltl, Utah. He is famous for his professional skill set. Poeltl can score on the block properly and knock down a mid-range jumper. In general, he is solid on the boards. Besides it, Jacob performs block tricks very often. G Grayson Allen One more player from the Duke College, Grayson Allen is ranked now number 4. He is claimed to be one of the most controversial college basketball player. Allen always helps his team to win a game or tournaments, using his perfect skills. He has 41% three-point shooting this season of games. PF Brice Johnson Brice Johnson from the North Carolina is said to be the most stunning basketball player around the country with the very best skills of scoring and rebounding. He always shows his the strongest sides and keeps the opposite team in a great tension. He is expected to make a great deep run and become the best player of tournament. G Buddy Hield A basketball player from the Oklahoma school, Buddy Hield, is ranked number 2 here. He is also considered to be one of the most successful scorers throughout the country. It won`t be a great surprise if Hield will lead the Sooners to the great Final Four. Denzel Valentine And finally, the position number one in the list of the best college basketball players is for Denzel Valentine, Michigan State. Both Denzel Valentine and Buddy Hield have battled for this top position and the title of the most stunning player. Speaking about Valentine, he is one of the best scorers. He is also good in observing the floor and distributing the ball to other teammates.   His physical features also contribute greatly to the success as a college basketball player. So, this was the list of the most amazing college basketball players. Maybe a new tournament will bring us new champions and titles.

Aerobic Training vs. Anaerobic Training Comparative Essay

Aerobic Training vs. Anaerobic Training Each person has different goals when wanting to become physically fit, but not many people know the difference between aerobic and anaerobic training. Even though aerobic and anaerobic training both contribute in maintaining overall health and both produce energy through glycolysis, which is the conversion of glucose into pyruvate, the training are different to achieve different results and the metabolic processes used by these two types of training are different. It is very important to know how to distinguish the differences between aerobic and anaerobic exercises to achieve different goals. Both aerobic and anaerobic training are equally important as stated by Lauren Bateman, â€Å"However, you need both anaerobic and aerobic exercise to be truly healthy† (Bateman, 2006-2011). I will discuss the difference between aerobic and anaerobic training so that you can achieve your goals effectively and proficiently. Aerobic training consists of physical activities such as jogging, brisk walking, rowing, cycling, skiing, and swimming. These are simple exercises that are performed at a low or moderate intensity and at longer period of time. When performing aerobic exercises, you activate the slow twitch muscles in your body. Lauren Bateman states, â€Å"Aerobic exercise means that you need to get continuous and large amounts of oxygen in order to generate energy† (Bateman, 2006-2011), so aerobic training produces energy through glycolysis by using oxygen to break down glucose as part of its metabolic process. Aerobic training should be for individuals whose goals are to lose weight and get slimmer, burn fat and tone their body, improve the circulation of blood and transportation of oxygen in the body, or strengthening and the muscles involved in respiration which is increasing their stamina. Anaerobic training consists of physical activities such as sprinting, jumping, weightlifting, and stress training. These are high intensity exercises that are performed for a short period of time. When performing anaerobic exercises, you activate the fast twitch muscles in your body. As stated by Lauren Bateman, â€Å"Anaerobic exercise such as weight lifting does not require large amounts of oxygen because the activity itself is very brief and intense† (Bateman, 2006-2011), so anaerobic training produces energy through glycolysis by the use of phosphocreatine, stored in the muscles, to break down glucose instead of oxygen as part of its metabolic process. Anaerobic training should be for individuals whose goals are to increase speed, power, strength, body mass, and agility depending on the anaerobic exercises. For instance, sprinting improves speed and power, weightlifting improves strength and body-mass, and vertical jumps improve muscular power and agility. In conclusion, choosing whether to conduct aerobic or anaerobic training depends on the goal that certain individual is trying to achieve. Even though aerobic and anaerobic training both contribute in maintaining overall health, it is very important to know how to distinguish the differences between aerobic and anaerobic exercises to achieve different goals effectively and proficiently. Even though it is important to know the difference between aerobic and anaerobic training, just remember they are also equally important. References Bateman, L. (2006 – 2011). Aerobic Vs Anaerobic Exercise. Retrieved June 8, 2011, from Todays Women and Health Website: http://www. todays-women-and-health. com/anaerobic-exercise. html

Analysing legal issue on Gun Control in Canada Essay

Analysing legal issue on Gun Control in Canada - Essay Example 2 An audit by the Auditor General of Canada in 2002 further showed that the Department of Justice estimated the cost of the gun registry program would rise significantly by 2004-2005, costing more than $1 billion while gun registration fees amounted to about $140 million in fees, 2 though no significant benefit of the gun control program is recognized. According to John Lott and Eli Lehrer since the start of the new gun control program, crime rate in Canada has increased.3 The Canadian government also recently admitted it could not identify a single violent crime that had been solved through the process.3 Canadian Alliance Party critic Gary Breitkreuz says the current firearms law should emphasize on harsher punishment for those who use weapons in the commission of a crime.2 Bob Runciman called for the program to be put on hold while describing it as a waste of taxpayers' money.2 The Justice Department's statistics that claim Firearms Act and gun registrations are on the increase are irrelevant, since criminals don't sign up for licenses. From statistics compiled from the registration program it is clear that even though rural Canada has by far the majority of firearms, it still recorded the least amount of crimi

A Comparison between Male and Female Organizational Commitment and Dissertation

A Comparison between Male and Female Organizational Commitment and Turnover - Dissertation Example While various researches have been conducted on organizational commitment in the Western world, the Eastern corporate world, such as that of Qatar still lacks research on this topic. This research aims to uncover who organizational commitment differs among employees in terms of factors including but not limited to gender. In order to understand the concept of organizational commitment, this research depends largely on the contribution of Meyer and Allen and their three types of organizational commitment, affective, normative and continuance commitment. This research further takes inspiration from the organizational commitment scale developed by Meyer and Allen that is based on a Likert scale. The method of conducting the research was quantitative in nature where the questionnaire was inspired from Meyer and Allen’s organizational scale that was distributed among all the employees of XYZ Co., a leading gas company in Qatar. The results of the survey were analyzed using percenta ges and descriptive analysis. The results pointed to the fact that organizational commitment among males and females differs by the type; that is, males are more normatively committed with the organization while females are continually commitment. Affective commitment increases as employees move higher up in the organization because the organization gives more power in their hands. Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction 4 1.1. Background of the Study 4 1.2. Significance of the Study 5 1.3. Research Methodologies and Theories 6 1.4. Research Aims and Objectives 7 1.5. Ethical Considerations 9 Chapter 2: Literature Review 11 2.1. Gender Difference in the Workplace 11 2.1.1. Female Characteristics 11 2.1.1.1. Work Style 12 2.1.1.2 Conflict Resolution 12 2.1.1.3 Management Style 12 2.1.2. Male Characteristics 13 2.1.2.1. Work Style 13 2.1.2.2 Conflict Resolution 14 2.1.2.3 Management Style 14 2.2. Organizational Commitment 15 2.2.1 Impact of Organizational Commitment 15 2.2.2. 3 Comp onent Model of Organizational Commitment 16 2.2.2.1. Affective Commitment 16 2.2.2.2. Continuance Commitment 17 2.2.2.3. Normative Commitment 17 2.2.3 Levels of Organizational Commitment 18 2.2.3.1.1 The Level of Accordance 18 2.2.3.1.2 The Level of Identification 19 2.2.3.1.3 The Level of Internalization 19 2.2.4 Antecedents of Organizational Commitment 19 2.2.4.1. Personal Characteristics 20 2.2.4.2. Work Experiences 21 2.2.4.3. Job and Role Related Characteristics 22 2.2.4.4 Assessing Organizational Commitment 23 2.2.5. Male Organizational Commitment 24 2.2.6. Female Organizational Commitment 25 2.2.7 Comparison Between Male and Female OC 26 2.2.8. Organizational culture in Qatar†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 28 2.3. Employee Turnover 28 2.3.1.Definition of Employee Turnover 28 2.3.2. Types of Employee Turnover 29 2.3.2.1 Involuntary Turnover 29 2.3.2.2 Voluntary Turnover 30 2.3.2.3Positive Turnover 30 2.3.2.4 Negative Turnover 30 2.3.3 Reasons behind E mployee Turnover. 31 2.3.4. Impact of Employee Turnover 33 2.3.4.1 Negative Consequences 33 2.3.5 Male Employee Turnover and its Reasons 34 2.3.6Female Employee Turnover and its Reasons 34 2.3.7 Comparison Between Male and Female Turnover. 36 2.3.7 Reducing Employee Turnover. 37 2.4. Conclusion 39 Chapter 3: Methods 42 Chapter 4: Results 52 Chapter 5: Discussion and Conclusion 67 Chapter 7: References 73 Appendix 1 78 Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Background of the Study Today’s corporate world is becoming increasingly competitive as people from all gender, ages and races have entered the workforce in large numbers. In terms of gender, the attitudes of

Toyota Hr Policies Essay Example for Free

Toyota Hr Policies Essay INTRODUCTION Toyota is one of the worlds largest automobile manufacturers, selling over 8.8 million models in 2006 on all five continents. A Top 10 Fortune Global 500 enterprise, Toyota ranks among the worlds leading global corporations and is proud to be the most admired automaker, an achievement the company believes stems from its dedication to customer satisfaction. Toyota has been shaped by a set of values and principles that have their roots in the companys formative years in Japan. The Toyota story begins in the late 19th century, when Sakichi Toyoda invented Japan’s first power loom, which was to revolutionize the country’s textile industry. In January 1918, Sakichi founded the Toyoda Spinning Weaving Company, and with the help of his son, Kiichiro Toyoda, he fulfilled his lifelong dream of building an automatic loom in 1924. Two years later, he established Toyoda Automatic Loom Works. Like his father, Kiichiro was an innovator, and during his visits to Europe and the U.S. in the 1920s, he became deeply interested in the nascent automotive industry. Making the most of the  £100,000 that Sakichi Toyoda received for selling the patent rights of his automatic loom, Kiichiro laid the foundations of Toyota Motor Corporation (TMC), which was established in 1937. From looms to cars, the Toyota experience has been shaped by extending the boundaries of manufacturing. GENERAL HR POLICIES The Toyota company-wide culture is the key ingredient in its success as the global leader in operational excellence. They achieved by the following means * Attracting, developing, and engaging exceptional people * Encouraging problem solving at all levels of your organization * Making management accountable to employees * Inspiring your people to be committed to the company, family, and community * Turning your HR department into the arbitrators of fair and consistent daily practices DIVERSITY AND EQUAL OPPURTUNITY 1. Toward Promotion of Womens ParticipationIn 2002, based on the principle of respecting diversity and with the aim of reforming management throughout the company, Toyota set its sights on womens participation, reviewing its arrangement with regard to female employees, and taking steps to put a better environment in place. In order to promote the creation of an environment more conducive to participation by motivated female employees, Toyota has made a three-pronged effort to: * Help enable women to work and raise children at the same time; * Assist in womens career building, * Reform the working environment and employee awareness. Toyota has also introduced flexible working arrangements and constructed child-care facilities at business sites. 2. EMPLOYMENT FOR DISABLED PERSONAs of March 2003, Toyota employed about 800 disabled people in many kinds of positions at various workplaces. Toyota believes in helping the disabled achieve autonomy within society, and makes it a basic rule to have them work together with other employees. Human consideration is given to the conditions of their disability at the business sites and ways are devised to accommodate them in workplace facilities so as to create a workplace environment that is safe and easy to work in. As of the end of March 2003, Toyotas disabled employee’s ratio was 1.95%, exceeding the 1.8% Legal Employment Quota.| 3. TOYOTA CHILD CARE BUBU LANDIn March 2003, the Toyota Child Care Bubu Land, an on-site childcare facility (in Toyota City, Head Office area), was opened so that all employees, both male and female, who wished to continue working while raising children could do so without worry. The facility has many useful features, which include having a resident nurse on the staff and staying open until 10:30 pm. One female employee using the facility (with a one-year-old child in care) expressed her sentiments in the following way: Its located at the company, so drop-off and pick-up are easy, and I can continue working without having to worry if extra work should suddenly crop up. PRACTICE OF THE TOYOTA WAY| Toyota Way| Values and ways of thinking that should be held by those working for Toyota| Toyota problem-solving techniques| Techniques for improving current conditions in order to realize ideal working conditions| Ji Kotei-Kanketsu (Built-in quality with ownership)| How to work in order to continually produce the best output| Education of subordinates| Systems for training subordinates through ones daily work| Policy management| Managing implementation items that should be initiated in order to accomplish workplace missions and create new value| Basic skills| Minimum skills necessary for production line work| Production skills| * Knowledge regarding recognizing irregularities and work points * Trouble-shooting capability| Skills and Roles of Management and Supervision| * Manager and supervisor skills for soundly managing standard operations * | | ICT PROGRAM FOR SELF-RELIANCE OF AFFILIATES AND CONTRIBUTION TO LOCAL COMMUNITIESIn order to promote self-reliance in overseas affiliates, the ICT (Intra Company Transferee) program temporarily transfers employees of overseas affiliates to TMC for human resource development through on-the-job training. Transferees learn skills and know-how throughout their training periods which range from six months to three years. As of the end of April 2012, a total of 450 transferees from 48 affiliates in 27 countries were working in Japan under the program| |

Radiation in Cellular Phones Essays -- Technology Research Essays

Radiation in Cellular Phones Introduction: The use of cellular phones is an ever-increasing necessity. With this growing usage comes the customer concern of the safety of the product. You see, cellular telephones are known to emit low levels of radiofrequency energy in the microwave range when in use. This is the same type of radiation found in household microwaves. Even more significant, the cellular telephones emit the same type of low level radiofrequency (RF) while in standby mode. This indicates that being exposed to the RF does not require the phone to be in use, just that it is nearby. The concern, however, is with "the kind that have a built-in antenna that is positioned close to the user's head during normal telephone conversation... because of the short distance between the phone's antenna -- the primary source of the RF -- and the person's head" (FDA). Thus, there are many ethical issues that need to be considered. How Does a Mobile Call Work Anyway? Basically, the person using the cellular phone makes a call. This is transmitted via low energy radio signals to the nearest tower owned by your service provider. The call can now do either one of two things. If the person on the other end is on a landline, the call is then transferred to them via telephone cables. However, if the other person is on a cellular phone as well, the process is reversed. The signal is sent from the service provider to the nearest antenna site from the receiving person. Professional Issues:  · the cellular phone companies are already making a LOT of money in developing and selling these phones  · cellular phones make it convenient for EVERYONE to keep in contact with each other  · cellular phones... ...s from their current customers, but they will also lose business from prospective buyers. Not fixing the phones and essentially denying that there is a problem, they are sending the message that they don’t care about concerns regarding their product until concrete find factual evidence. They are taking the slippery route in that the outcome can still be that they would have to replace the phones as in the first route. This negative image is definitely what the companies need, ethically as well as business wise. Final Decision: Therefore, my final decision is to take the safe and ethical route, which is to recall all cellular telephones and either fix or replace them to the standards that is not only expected from the public, but also from the government. This action would project a positive image to all of the stakeholders, and is what business is all about.

The stages of Intervention in English Education

INTRODUCATIONReading is a necessary accomplishment for success in all societies, and the ability to read throughout assorted contexts efficaciously likely to better ego assurance and societal advancement every bit good as 1s possible bearer. However, Reading troubles is the job that faces many pupils with dyslexia across different educational system. It seems clear that there are two chief methods of gestating LD in general and the natural world construct of dyslexia. One chief definition relates to psychological/medical theoretical account and the other is societal theoretical account ( Kevin, 1999 ) . It is often point out that reading accomplishment is complicated because it is based on two chief procedures which are coding, comprehension. They require larning all alphabetical characters and the result of cognition every bit good as interaction with the reader ‘s ain experiences and entree to consequences through the text. Harmonizing to H. Lee Swanson, Karen R. Harris, Steve Graham ( 2006 ) reading troubles is shortage in larning procedures which are include ocular perceptual experience and perceptual Kinetic perceptual experience, .. etc. They established developing plans for this procedures which are prerequisite for larning to read, such as audio and ocular perceptual experience. However, this tendency has been criticized by research workers, because theoretical doctrine was weak and it was non based on scientific basic due to it was certified to see merely practical behaviour. On the other manus, in the 1960ss and 1970ss of the last century has returned to concentrate on direct instruction and structured acquisition, which focus on Code -emphasis and Whole Language ( Hoien, 2000 ) .Unfortunately, there is no known medical options to cut down the badness of cognitive processing hold in students with reading troubles. Therefore, instructors are required to work instructional accommodations as a consequence, pupils with reading troubles are to be successful in an suited an academic environment that aid to cut down reading troubles ( such as eliminate any beginning of perturbation at mainstream schoolrooms and resource room ) . One of the most of import instructional accommodations is usage of basic processs for appropriate intercession in early phase of educational ladder to avoid reading jobs in pupils through usage of assorted plans of intercession by specialised instructors and clinical psychologist to use. Furthermore, another instructional accommodation which is methods of learning pupils with dyslexia how do they read? ( Kevin L. Huitt,1999 ) . On the other manus, dyslexia friendly schools are an appropriate environment for kids with dyslexia are to supply effectual support to them and they have consciousness of the particular demands of these pupils. They are to be provided with effectual support and consciousness of their extra demands. The purpose of this brief essay is to discourse different definitions of dyslexia. Intervention to cut down reading troubles in pupils with dyslexia will be discussed with a focal point on phases of intercession in England, issues associated with intercession and besides concentrate on a major global programme: Reading Recovery. Teaching Methods for pupils with reading troubles will be examined in footings of Whole Language Instructions and Code- accent Instructions. Finally, Facilitating dyslexia friendly schools will be discussed in brief.1. Definition of DyslexiaIt seems a controversial issue comparatively in the beginning, because dyslexia has defined in many attacks, some of the definitions reflect the theories of causing, while the other definitions in an effort to depict dyslexia. It seems clear that dyslexia involves more than one status as it conveys a conceptual trouble in reading accomplishments for the kid every bit good as a figure of other grounds ( Rice, 2004 ) . There are many of dependable definitions that have been adopted from a broad scope of different direction environments, such as definition of the British Association for Dyslexia ( 2001 ) , which seems to be a descriptive definition, which indicate that dyslexia can be seen as: â€Å" A combination of abilities and troubles which affect the acquisition procedure in one or more of reading, spelling, and composing. Attach toing failing may be identified in countries of velocity of processing, short-run memory, sequencing, auditory and / or ocular perceptual experience, spoken linguistic communication and motor accomplishments. It is peculiarly related to get the hanging and utilizing written linguistic communication, which may include alphabetic, numeral and musical notation † ( Reid, 2002 ) . It is agreed widely that reading accomplishment is cardinal for all people to finish the acquisition procedure successfully and appears to be understanding that the acquisition procedure needs to be a big figure of simple accomplishments, which requires the maps are ordered from different parts of the encephalon ( both left and right from the Brocaaa‚ ¬a„?s country and Hamichaer ) , furthermore, the sequence of actions that may do it one of the most complex operations. It is clear that all instructors, practicians and parents should hold information about kids with dyslexia and the most of import jobs they face, particularly in reading to understand the definition of the educational procedure ( British Dyslexia Association, 2003 ) . On the other, the World Federation of Neurologists ( 1968 ) defined it as ; â€Å" Dyslexia is a upset manifested by trouble in larning to read despite conventional direction and socio-cultural chance. It is dependent upon cardinal cognitive disablements which are often of constitutional beginning. † ( Mortimore, 2003, by Reid, 1994, p.2 ) . If we pay adequate attending to this definition it is clear that the greatest alterations considerate on the late 1960ss that emphasis and characterized jobs to finish reading procedure to be successful, and the new millenary, that is a interested far more than three different phases of description, the first, behavioral, which is the most of import component for instructors and practicians to work daily with kids with dyslexia, peculiarly in the school, and 2nd, cognitive which is more relate to teacher larning troubles who is responsible for appraisal of any sort of larning troubles and so Preparation an single instruction program, 3rd, the degree of biological, which refers to dyslexia for sort of nervous-developmental in developmental shortage of biological beginning ( Frith, 2003 ) . However, if we compare the definition of the British Dyslexia Association in the definition of ( 2001 ) of dyslexia with the equivalent, which presented by the World Federation of Neurology ( 1968 ) , we will observe other possible struggles, harmonizing to the conceptual dimension to the definition of dyslexia. On the other manus, it is absolutely balanced in those who wish to show the strengths and failings of kids with dyslexia: â€Å" dyslexia is a combination of troubles, and capacity that may impact the acquisition procedure in one or more of the authorship, reading and spelling. It might be possible, identify failings in ocular perceptual experience, treating velocity of the short-run memory, sequencing, every bit good as sound, spoken linguistic communication and motor accomplishments. and that are relevant to get the hanging and utilizing written linguistic communication, which may incorporate the alphabet and place the digital every bit good as musical.2. Causes of Dyslexi aHarmonizing to ( Rice, 2004 ) there is still no consensus on the implicit in causes of dyslexia. It is often point out that non all the trouble in reading or composing agencies dyslexia. However, there are many scientists who believe that heritage and hearing jobs at an early age may do dyslexia. This will be discussed in more inside informations. 2.1 Inheritance May non be possible that dyslexia is non a strong feature that will be inherited, even if one or both parents have it. On the other manus, this may be possible. it clear that 40 per cent of the people and explained that dyslexia has a history of larning troubles in their household. Harmonizing to Brain scanning of kids with dyslexia by specializers in the field of medical specialty that Bunches of cells beneath the surface in the forepart left side of the encephalon are responsible for reading jobs ( ibid. ) . This group of cells traveling on the surface of encephalon cells while turning in the foetus, which does non happen with kids with dyslexia. In add-on, they have to be smaller Mangifera indica cellular system, which is apt for acknowledgment, for illustration, symbols and characters, which leads to hard to read. They normally tend to utilize the right portion for these accomplishments, which are non designed for this occupation and that six times slower. It is clear that scient ists consider these familial fluctuations and statistics that the heritage is one of causes of dyslexia. 2.2 Hearing Problems at an Early Age It is often point out that the first five old ages of a kid ‘s life are of import for the ability to read and compose in conformity with natural linguistic communications. In the event that the kid is enduring from colds or other continuously during the first old ages of his life, without medical intercession prior to the visit of the wellness centre, may be exposed to censor supplication from clip to clip and therefore may take to hearing loss. This means that there is a interruption in the learning procedure of the kid because of those jobs in the hearing. If the kid does non hold the ability to hear words right, and therefore take to holds in the phonemic consciousness of the kid that leads to larning troubles, such as dyslexia ( Bradford, 2009 ) . 3. Intervention for Dyslexia 3.1 Definition of intercession Harmonizing to Wall ( 2003 ) definition of intercession as â€Å" An intercession is an interaction between two people to convey about alteration and, hence, early old ages practicians undertake intercessions each clip they are working with kids. Interventions may be short, medium or long term and will be planned carefully to guarantee effectivity and rightness. † and He suggested thought which is what and how should practicians pull up a program or design different and utile intercession plans for each kid as a instance separately, by clear uping how it could promote instructors or staff of these kids collaborative work by each class of activity schoolroom, which can be caused by structured program which made through specializers. It can be seen that intercession has become a important key in deciding of psychological educational issues which is more effectual to clear up entree for these issues or jobs and besides it is utile in making positive consequences, particularly for kids with larning troubles who are at hazard for any peculiar type of larning troubles. It is of import to observe that it should be look at if one parent has dyslexia, which is likely to travel to one of their kids as a consequence it is of import there is focal point on the household history, which may to be assisted to alarm instructors and parents hence, it may acquire appropriate intercession plan for these kids ( Augur,1993 ) . If we pay adequate attending to Augur indicate that developmental dyslexia is justified for certain grounds, first ground, it may be really hard to clear up sort of developmental dyslexia that a kid is born thought harmonizing to the consequences of encephalon hurt as a consequence of shot or an accident, etc..Moreover, the 2nd ground which is that many specializers agree that most of these kids, who are smart in most classs with the exclusion of some basic academic accomplishments that need to develop and therefore it is likely that the instructors are supplying success and development of the natural growing of kids with dyslexia, if they were with the fact that dyslexia may non be curable but it needs to utile intercession plans.3.2 Phases of intercession in EnglandHarmonizing to DfES ( 2003 ) that phases of intercession used in schools in Britain, with about indistinguishable phases in America, called ( moving ridges ) . Wave 1, which is refer to initial instruction for literacy in schools in that there must be effectual integrating of all kids, high quality and a day-to-day reading and composing hr with appropriate distinction required. Whereas, if the kids do non react right to primary schoolroom of literacy counsel hence, intercession will be necessary. In add-on, Wave 2 shows a set of specific intercessions which are extra a specific clip, which refer to some kids who are in demand of support services to speed up development and they can work at or above age-related T the highest of outlooks. Wave 3 which is describe the administration for a little figure of kids and intercession is necessary to supply s pecifically for the processor velocity of development or let kids to accomplish their possible. It is clearly that, this could include the 01:01 or specific intercessions, so when it comes to older kids, which is normally refer to the attack set out specifically for kids that have been identified as necessitating particular instruction support by working in the school environment. The best illustration, as noted by the research worker that Wave 3 intercession which is reading recovery.3.3 A major global plan: Reading RecoveryReading Recovery has been designed by Marie Clay, who is a research worker in New Zealand ( Reading Recovery Council, 2006 ) . Mary did surveies which allowed her to develop appropriate methods for the sensing and intercession for reading troubles for kids. In add-on, this plan is surveies based intercession that is applied in more than 10000 schools in New Zealand, Canada, United Kingdom and Australia. it was a developed to offer intercession for kids who have reading troubles ( Au, Mason1990 ) . Harmonizing to Au, Mason ( 1990 ) The chief of reading recovery is to offer intensive one-on-one support kids who have reading troubles in first class and therefore supply appropriate intercession to assist them win before they improve their reading troubles ( Savage, John 1994 ) . Furthermore, it is aimed at less than twenty per centum of school categories in first class schoolroom. It is clear that it is non easy to do a determination about who kids should be given to this plan. kids are taking a trial and depending on the lowest tonss for this trial and so to keep this plan for kids got the lowest tonss by trained instructors in the application of this plan for kids who have troubles reading to cut down these troubles and to read good ( Kline, Anne 1997 ) . It is often point out reading recovery is developed to be compatible with the mainstream school system. Each school needs to corroborate that instructors should hold the ability to download the plan continuously during the twelvemonth. It is clear that it has the ability to work in a assortment of degrees for case it works in effectual manner with school, instructors, kids, and in instruction system to supply aid in cut downing reading troubles in kids ( Reading Recovery National Network,2006 ) . Savage, John ( 1994 ) pointed out that Reading Recovery which is a plan works otherwise for each kid who is in demand of this plan. Choice of kids for this plan based on the study which is submitted by the instructor, and a study about what kid has cognition of letters and constructs about print procedure, text reading. In add-on, the plan starts with what kid is to hold the ability to make, so it concentrate on what they are seeking to larn and work what child demand to larn about reading ( Reading Recovery National Network,2006 ) . Harmonizing to Chapman, Turner ( 2003 ) the plan is designed to work one-on-one direction for 30 proceedingss a twenty-four hours for a period of 12 to twenty hebdomads through trained instructors. Furthermore, it is designed to regular schoolroom reading usher. In add-on, It is set out to help based on kid ‘s strengths. The chief concentration on one-on-one lessons is concentrate on groking the assorted messages in reading and pupils have the ability to construct messages in composing accomplishment ( Reading Recovery National Network ) . Harmonizing to Savage, John ( 1994 ) reading recovery include that: First: Reading Familiar Books: pupils tend to read books that they enjoy. and instructors will detect how child read this book so they will help the kid while kids are reading this book. Second: Appraisal of reading schemes: the pupils will hold a book that have ne'er read it, in the old lesson, the kid will read that book for the instructor, so the instructor will utilize recording equipment while the kid is read. Third: Working on Letter acknowledgment: The pupil will be trained to look at the different letters, and begins to be familiar with them. Fourthly: Introducing new books: The instructor will take a figure of different books that are suited for pupil ‘s reading degree. Finally: Reading new books: The instructor will demo a new book for the pupil, and so the pupil will be supposed to read it in the following lesson. In add-on, the instructor and pupil will discourse the book and supply aid to fix for the apprehension of the narrative in that book before read it. It is clear that Reading plan was designed to run into the particular the single demands of reader who has troubles in reading, which seems different from kid to child. Working Individually with pupils, fixing lessons depend on the single demands of the kid, will assist to develop kids ‘s reading ( hapman, Iversen, & A ; Tunmer 2005 ) . It is clear that the reading recovery has extended one-on-one direction. Not surprising to anyone that Intensification of the plan and work separately with pupils which is influential to present of intercession for those pupils who have reading troubles. Recent research indicates that the method of one-on-one is more effectual in learning in regular categories that lead to accomplishing the single demands for each pupil ( Chapman, Tunmer 2003 ) . Reading Recovery Council ( 2006 ) pointed out that many of the kids are in different degrees reading accomplishment, constitution of lesson for all pupil is non ever effectual to that a pupil who does non understand what may be understood by other kid and therefore instructors can make a lesson that will incorporate five elements: working with letters, reading books which are familiar to pupil, observe and record what is read by the pupil and reading new course of study ( Barnes, Bonnie 1996 ) . it is possible to help pupils achieve effectual reading public presentation by the single demands of them early. In add-on, working separately with pupils to steer them educating reading schemes every bit good as to supply some clip for the application so that they will be capable to accomplish in grade phase ( Educational Commissions System of the States 2000 ) . It seems clear that the scheme of one-on-one which allows instructors to supply pupils all remarks, regards and inquiries that the instructor knows a pupil who has the ability to reply those inquiries. In add-on to, the reading recovery instructors have the ability to assist the pupil and give feedback for the work he is making ( Barnes, Bonnie 1996 ) . On the other manus, Reading recovery will take 30 proceedingss for each pupil.It must take into history that there are some things that may be impact the pupils when they are in the schoolroom, for illustration: yearss of unwellness, field trips and workshops ( Barnes, Bonnie 1996 ) . Barnes, Bonnie ( 1996 ) indicate that clip consuming is one of the jobs related to educating Reading Recovery through the sum of paperwork which are side by side with the instruction of reading recovery to single pupils. For illustration, a written analysis of the strengths and failings of the kid, the study of the outlooks of advancement through the designation of long-run and short-run ends to child day-to-day lesson programme. Another drawback of reading recovery is instructors. Many instructors do non normally have support from their co-workers in the school every bit good as they have trouble in entree to feedback on their lessons. Furthermore, there are many instructors in the schoolroom do non hold a sense of the impact of reading recovery plan on the kids because it is presented merely one or two pupils in their schoolrooms ( Baronial, Jo Anne 1995 ) . In add-on, There are many instructors who are working merely has the half-time reading recovery instructor. Therefore, they have the ability to service merely approximately eight kids each academic twelvemonth. In add-on, many schools have about a 100 and 50 first class pupils f, this is grounds that merely about sex or seven per centum of kids have the ability to have reading recovery programme ( Barnes, Bonnie 1996 ) . As has been mentioned before the end of reading recovery is to steer kids in larning techniques and aid to pattern clip, kids have the ability to present on class degree ( Frankas, George 2000 ) .However, reading recovery is working, irrespective of economic position, gender and societal position of the group of kids that led to the acceleration of the effectual advancement this programme ( Educational Leadership 1990 ) . Centre, Wheldall ( 1992 ) pointed out that to do reading recovery programme more effectual must alter three elements: Behavioural alteration in instructors. The child behavior alteration acquired through instructors. There is a demand for the school to alter the regulative demands for decision makers and instructors. It is clear that the consequences of reading recovery plan is that it offers effectual intercession for pupils in grade school and so intervention, alternatively of falling into the failure in reading troubles for these kids. In add-on, it is supplying strong support for instructors and enable them to go more effectual in reading recovery programme. Furthermore, the most of import result of the plan is to be has figure of kids in classs 2-6 to hold a few jobs in reading troubles one time and so the plan is implemented efficaciously and right ( Baronial, Jo Anne 1995 ) . 3.4 Issues associated with intercession It is often point out that there is contention about how to construct effectively intercession plan. Researcher will show the most of import factors agreed for possible success in the planning and production of the right intercession plan. First, it taking into history the appraisal processs and scrutiny in psychological science that can explicate precisely what are the accomplishments which need to develop in kids. Harmonizing to Fawcett and Lynch ( 2000 ) to analyze dyslexia trial ( designed by Nicolson and Fawcett, 1996 ) will be the most successful for all the instructors to their schools. In add-on, this trial has become extremely efficient because it is interested in semantic and verbal eloquence every bit good as cognition of Numberss. Another ground which is how rapidly the application of this trial. For illustration, it is take one minute to the undertaking of authorship and one minute in the accomplishment of reading, furthermore, spelling and other accomplishments that cou ld take two proceedingss. Harmonizing to Pumfrey and Reason ( 2001 ) heighten the measure and quality of cognitive development of kids is important factor to make the appropriate intercession for them, it is of import to take into history to verification that intercession at the earliest clip that in order to that this process may non take to a hold which is unwanted for kids who have reading troubles. In the same context, we may stress that the appraisal processs and scrutiny demand to be more focal point by that phase, even before the application to avoid any future jobs ( Talcott, , 1997 ) . However, the research worker as a instructor for particular instruction every bit good as lector at the Department of Special Education recognizes that there are no trials in a unvarying and there is a clear deficiency of rating of classs in schools in Saudi Arabia. It is clear that this is an chance for the research worker to obtain the right method of measuring and testing for kids who have troubles reading in schools and the transportation of these steps and the right schemes for the development of the educational procedure in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Talcott, ( 1997 ) indicate that there is an Other factor which is related to people who may play an active function of sensing of kids who have dyslexia. Therefore, there are some people around the kids who have larning troubles and they who provide full attention to relieve the troubles that may be in these kids every bit good as they are seeking to happen the appropriate methods in educational procedure such as, parents, professionals every bit good as specializers in wellness attention4. Teaching Methods of Reading Skills for Children with DyslexiaAs has been mentioned before is that in fact the intercession to turn to reading troubles in kids with dyslexia is a successful scheme to supply support appropriate for them. But it is often point out that, it is to look for on the strengths and failings of the scholar and acquisition manners appropriate through the school by the instructor, which is suited to the demands of each person. Because it is known to us that each and every kid with dyslexia is different harmonizing to the file and map of cognitive and learning manners appropriate to him ( Reid,1997 ) .4.1 Whole Language DirectionHarmonizing to the survey carried out by Frank, 1978, it was holding an impact in back uping the Whole Language Instruction, learning reading is a natural opposite number to larn to talk the sense of larning to read natural. In add-on, Whole Language Instruction may concentrate on instruction to be of entire to the portion and non frailty versa ( e.g. larning the accomplishments non included in the Whole linguistic communication direction ) , and larning to compose must happen through merriment activities functional significance, and the focal point on instruction precedence, alternatively of maintaining the roots. Furthermore, it consenter on the scholar who is the centre of instruction instead than the course of study and instruction should be based on single interaction. It is clear that it may back up instruction in a societal environment. Furthermore, the instructor is the 1 who set the course of study to be constructs are interrelated instead than spliting them up into multiple accomplishments or subsets of content and rating focal points on the strengths of the scholar. It seems that Whole Language Instruction is a tool to cover with the category and adjust and it may provides deprived pupils to be able to get the better of reading jobs ( Pressely, 1994 ) . However, harmonizing to Mather ( 1992 ) Whole Language Instruction squad believe that retail could interrupt larning procedure, so they are opposed to direct instruction of encryption, because it split the linguistic communication into separate cartridge holders and accomplishments, which may take to the linguistic communication is non used, every bit good as a waste of clip. The Whole Language Instruction may supply intending to the texts and it is concentrating on both reading and authorship , as learn the regulations of linguistic communication may be done without the demand to learn voice. It is clear that Educators and research workers stress fact that acquisition may be the best when there is gratifying environment for larning and scholar will be active participant in larning procedure every bit good as the instructor must take into history single differences between kids. These rules focus upon the manner of Whole Language Instruction in larning to read, the kid will read full text and so he begins to acknowledge words and letters with assisting by instructor and the kid will experience motive when he is reading and that is the most of import demands, which increases the capacity of the kid with dyslexia to larn to read right ( Fuhler,1993 ) Learner ( 2000 ) pointed out that there are rudimentss of learning reading troubles by utilizing method of Whole Language Instruction as followers: First: Reading is one of the elements of internal linguistic communication which is really close to unwritten linguistic communication and written linguistic communication, so instructors who use this method confirm the linguistic communication written and unwritten reading lead to the kid will be improved, when he learn to read and there is a relationship between lingual exposure in kids and reading troubles, kids who have linguistic communication jobs or mobility are likely to develop jobs in composing in the early phases. Second: The method of verbal linguistic communication may be acquired by the natural usage, harmonizing to the instructors who use Whole Language Direction that kids may larn to talk without the demand for particular preparation and this means that kids will larn to read of course through exposure to larn to read by concentrating on linguistic communication and books which related to eloquence of linguistic communication. Finally: Teachers who use the method of Whole Language Instruction avoid usage of separate instruction which does non concentrate on the nexus between parts of the significance of linguistic communication, every bit good as the manner of learning that focuses on usage of separate exercisings, and they believe that books that divide natural linguistic communication into little pieces and cryptic that could do instruction is hard. In add-on, Whole Language Instruction users think that acquisition of characters is usually by manner of instruction, it is clear that larning of letters should non be separate, but it is usually acquired through reading.4.2 Code- accent DirectionIt is clear that we should understand the schemes of coding in Whole Language Instruction or amusing reading ( Orthographic ) , which are one of the schemes that provide the chance to kids to read the words by this method because they saw these words for many times. Therefore, they have image of the words in the long -run memory, the image of words are non required to be stored in the same format and fount but it will be simply images. To utilize this scheme, the reader should has cognition of the alphabet and how to treat nexus this letters together. Furthermore, there are many of readers who tend to utilize this scheme because they have the satisfaction for the words through usage of a figure of back-to-back times as a consequence, they are willing to retrieve these words at any clip. However, when they are exposed to new words so they tend to utilize method of Code- accent Instruction so they used the analysis of these words and read them ( Hoien,2000 ) . Harmonizing to Learner ( 2000 ) kids with dyslexia frequently need to direct acquisition and systematic preparation on reading because the direct preparation on the accomplishments of voice reading is important due to the primary undertaking which is a specific portion which is used subsequently for reading comprehension. However, kids who start to larn to read easy, they will go readers are strong subsequently. It is clear that Code- accent Instruction is effectual in that the reader have a wide reading accomplishments in school and In the external environment, he will be able to read any text editions or other books. In add-on, Intensive reading may supply the chance for the growing of constructs and verbal cognition for how to compose and read the text. Therefore, kids who do non larn by this method they will be deprived for this chance to develop their accomplishments, because they began by a weak method as a consequence, they did non enable them to Intensive reading so, their re ading accomplishments will be less that lead to they had negative experiences of literacy. However, surveies and research indicated that the usage of method Code- accent Instruction which lead to high tonss for trials of reading accomplishment. Furthermore, it may take to fluency in reading the words, because spelling procedure for the words will go automatic when the kid have a good ability to analysis and synthesis. In add-on, it has maps system or consideration of footings between letters and sounds, and when the kid learns by maps that will be able to analyse the word and use these information to bring forth the right pronunciation for written words. Furthermore, there is another method called ( Analogy ) which is used by many instructors to educate kids with reading troubles. In this method, the kid may utilize his old cognition to reading the new words, for illustration, if he reads the word ( Hand ) as a consequence, he will has the ability to read the word ( sand ) by benefit of his old cognition for the similar letters in the first word. Therefore, he can utilize lingual cognition such as lingual and grammatical regulations in easing the procedure of reading ( Hoien, 2000 ) . It is often point out that different theoretical accounts of pupils require different theoretical accounts of learning methods. It is clear that both Whole Language Instruction and Code- accent Instruction are effectual in learning reading to pupils with dyslexia. However, a group of specializers in the field of larning troubles ( GoswamI, Torgesen, Wayekp and Bryant ) pointed out that there is a inclination to prefer Code- accent Instruction to learn pupils with reading troubles ( Beech,1994 ) .5. Facilitating dyslexia friendly schoolsHarmonizing to Nicolson ( 2001 ) â€Å" The phase is set for set abouting ambitious, multi-disciplinary, multi-perspective undertakings aimed at redefining the field of dyslexia and larning troubles as the field of larning abilities † . It is clear from this position we should understand the complexness of how to clearly specify which school scenes are more appropriate for Learning Difficulties students. That is to state it that it is the instan ce of supplying the dyslexia-friendly school demand to turn to some issues that would do a batch of difference such as distinguishing larning methods to fit assorted larning methods. Additionally, it is necessary raise the issue of happening community financess for developing instructors who wish to work with LD students and preparing of human resources and leading within the educational establishments in developing states to do dyslexia-friendly school certainly successful. Furthermore, the issue of learning schemes should be dealt with greater attending, that is to state one successful learning method is non needfully suitable for all LD students which are the most of import. demand to advance the best apprehension for experiencing frustrated that the pupils have larning troubles. To supportive of all students is unimpeachably the nucleus kernel of inclusive doctrine which might intend besides distinction of their trouble or ability. In add-on, it can be practical theory to bespeak the possibility of using the construct of ‘equal chances ‘ . it seems that there are about 10 per centum of the population is to hold dyslexia, it means that there may be benefit greatly from learning methods for all dyslexia through the acquisition of cognition, every bit good as that of ordinary kids to rush up reading, composing and mathematical accomplishments ( BDA, 2003 ) . MacKay ( 2003 ) showed an account of effectual achieve success of dyslexia friendly school â€Å" In a dyslexia friendly school, weak basic accomplishments are non a barrier to accomplishment † . If we pay more attending to this simple statement, it seems that all kids with dyslexia have failing in the chief acquisition countries, nevertheless, it should run into these countries, which do non forestall the committedness by seting instructors accomplishments and they develop all the failings they have. British Dyslexia Association references to an effectual scheme for friendly schools for dyslexia through seven elements of effectual support it. Decision It has been discussed that each kid has a alone single profile, character, penchants, abilities and troubles. This, dyslexic students are more varied personally and against their opposite numbers in their acquisition processing and techniques seemingly in all phases of school scenes. Undoubtedly, they have their ain potencies and strengths which must be broaden and improved expeditiously. However, they have failings in academic accomplishments sometimes presented in reading or/and composing which are to be exhaustively developed via brand usage of assorted types of individualised intercession every bit good as proviso of an effectual instruction methods. These methods should be provided merely through good trained/certified instructors. If these schemes is applied and demonstrated efficaciously, at that clip merely, we could imagine great trade of alteration and believe that reading troubles of dyslexic students reduced well. It is rather clear that there must be a strategic end for all of us as parents, faculty members, educational research workers and instructors to ease dyslexic friendly schools. This end should be consistent in advancing positive policies towards dyslexic students peculiarly in LEA ‘s every bit good as profiting other students who have the ability to acquire advantage from inclusive instruction scenes. This inclusive instruction has been implemented in Saudi since 1997. Hundreds of certified instructors graduated from assorted universities to learn LD students. However, importance should be emphasized upon LEA ‘s in Saudi Arabia where is more advancement and betterment needed to take topographic point.

Buddhism vs. Judaism Essay

Two of the most earliest religions are Buddhism and Judaism. Buddhism and Judaism were started in different years and places and also have different beliefs. Buddhism was started in 560 B.C.E, in Nepal by Siddhartha Gautama who later came to be known as the â€Å"Buddha†, or the â€Å"Awakened one.† Buddhism doesn’t believe in a God and are just followers of Siddhartha Gautama. Siddhartha got his followers from his father’s kingdom and later called the religion Buddhism. A growing number of schools of philosophy taught this new way of thinking. Buddha went around India spreading Buddhism and his followers followed his lead and spread the word of religion too. Buddhism is spread by word of mouth, personal contact with a person who practices the religion, not TV commercials, or newspaper ads, or the internet. Buddhism is a focuse on a philosophy of life. The word Buddha means The Enlightened One. In Buddhism they’re reborn from a previous life until they reach the state of nirvana which is the extinction of all desire and release from suffering. A person practicing the Buddhist religion is striving to bring forth his or her Buddha nature so that he or she will always be in that world. Once a person is Enlightened or a Buddha, then they strive to bring as many other people to that state as possible through whatever peaceful means they can with wisdom and forethought. Being enlightened is supposed to be a very peaceful state of mind to be in. Although persecutions can be great when a person becomes a Buddha because beginning a Buddhist practice is easy, but continuing is difficult. If you’re successfully practicing devils and demons will try to knock you off of your path, this is how you will know you’re practicing the religion correctly. On the other hand Judaism was started in 2000 B.C.E, led by Abraham in the Mesopotamian region. Judaism believed in a God named Yahweh and their holy book the Torah. The main difference is that Judaism is a strictly monotheistic faith meaning the belief in only one God.

Difference Between Anatomy and Physiology

Difference Between Anatomy and Physiology Anatomy and physiology are two related biology disciplines. Many college courses teach them together, so its easy to be confused about the difference between them. Simply put, anatomy is the study of the structure and identity of body parts, while physiology is the study of how these parts function and relate to one another. Anatomy is a branch of the field of morphology. Morphology encompasses the internal and outward appearance of an organism (e.g., is shape, size, pattern) as well as form and location of external and internal structures (e.g., bones and organs anatomy). A specialist in anatomy is called an anatomist. Anatomists gather information from living and deceased organisms, typically using dissection to master internal structure. The two branches of anatomy are macroscopic or gross anatomy and microscopic anatomy. Gross anatomy focuses on the body as a whole and the identification and description of body parts large enough to be seen with the naked eye. Microscopic anatomy focuses on cellular structures, which may be observed using histology and various types of microscopy. Physiologists need to understand anatomy because the form and location of cells, tissues, and organs are related to function. In a combined course, anatomy tends to be covered first. If the courses are separate, anatomy may be a prerequisite for physiology. The study of physiology requires living specimens and tissues. While an anatomy lab is primarily concerned with dissection, a physiology lab may include experimentation to determine the reaction of cells or systems to change. There are many branches of physiology. For example, a physiologist may focus on the excretory system or the reproductive system. Anatomy and physiology work hand-in-hand. An x-ray technician might discover an unusual lump (change in gross anatomy), leading to a biopsy in which the tissue would be examined on a microscopic level for abnormalities (microscopic anatomy) or a test looking for a disease marker in the urine or blood (physiology). Studying Anatomy and Physiology College biology, pre-med, and pre-vet students often take a combined course called AP (Anatomy and Physiology). This anatomy portion of the course is typically comparative, where students examine homologous and analogous structures in a variety of organisms (e.g., fish, frog, shark, rat or cat). Increasingly, dissections are being replaced by interactive computer programs (virtual dissections). Physiology may be either comparative physiology or human physiology. In medical school, students progress to study human gross anatomy, which involves dissection of a cadaver. In addition to taking AP as a single course, its also possible to specialize in them. A typical anatomy degree program includes courses in embryology, gross anatomy, microanatomy, physiology, and neurobiology. Graduates with advanced degrees in anatomy may become researchers, healthcare educators, or continue their education to become medical doctors. Physiology degrees may be granted at the undergraduate, masters, and doctoral level. Typical courses may include cell biology, molecular biology, exercise physiology, and genetics. A bachelors degree in physiology can lead to entry-level research or placement in a hospital or insurance company. Advanced degrees may lead to careers in research, exercise physiology, or teaching. A degree in either anatomy or physiology is good preparation for studies in the fields of physical therapy, orthopedic medicine, or sports medicine.

Diversity's Influence on Virtual Teams in International Business Essay

Diversity's Influence on Virtual Teams in International Business - Essay Example , and organizational boundaries through the use of technology to facilitate communication and collaboration, are the outcome of teamwork in firms and increased geographic dispersion (Lipnack & Stamps, 2000; Snow, Lipnack, & Stamps, 2001). Organizations are relying more heavily on virtual teams due to a more competitive global market, the benefits of integrating the work of specialized employees who might be geographically dispersed, and the need to save time and travel expenses (Kock, 2000; Mohrman, 1999; Townsend, DeMarie, & Hendrickson, 1998). Virtual teams allow organizations to expand potential labor markets by continually altering and improving organizational processes to capitalize on strengths, which is especially importance in a global environment that has become increasingly competitive (Duarte & Synder, 1999). Time is a crucial corporate resource; communication technologies help organizations avoid delays and attain immediate feedback (Opper & Fersko-Weiss, 1992). Moreover, communication tools allow team members to work on projects at a much quicker pace than if they had to travel and meet face-to-face and permit organizations to use â€Å"relay race† procedures to accomplish tasks, resulting in a continuous workflow (Cascio, 1999). For example, as Texas employees are leaving for work, team members in Hawaii are just beginning their day. These team members finish their day and transmit their work to team members in Bombay who are starting the workday. Finally, the Bombay team members contribute to the project and then send it back to Texas for further work. This â€Å"relay race† continues until the project is completed, which should require, which should require less time due to the virtual tools that allow these team members to work round the clock. In reference to softwar e development teams, Gorton and Motwani (1996) referred to this process as â€Å"software shift work† in which teams in different time zones work on a product in continuous

Internship Report on Pricewaterhouse Coopers Research Paper

Internship Report on Pricewaterhouse Coopers - Research Paper Example epartment 1 Executive summary 2 Acknowledgment 3 Introduction 6 Company Background 6 Company Activity and Size 8 Organizational Chart of PwC Middle East 10 A SWOT analysis of PwC 11 Strengths: 11 Weaknesses 11 Opportunities 11 Threats 11 Vision 12 Mission 12 Marketing Strategy 13 Organizational competitive strategy 14 Job history 14 Conceptual framework 15 Global structure of PwC 15 Services offered by PwC Middle East 16 Consulting activities of PwC Middle East 16 Technical aspect of PwC Middle East 17 Evaluation of the internship experience (Form) 19 Summary of findings and recommendations 19 Conclusion 20 References 21 PwC (n.d.). PwC Middle East Corporate Responsibility Annual Report 2010 / 2011. Retrieved December, 20, 2011, fromhttp://www.pwc.com/m1/en/publications/crannualreport.jhtml 21 Introduction PwC is an internationally recognized company with numerous firms that are in partnership with it, with its many years in the field of accountancy, consultancy and even tax related issues it has proven to be one of the world’s most reliable firm. Their aim has been to support its clients in designing, managing and executing lasting beneficial change. Change management is an essential operation factor for any given company. In this regard, PwC’s diversity and dynamism over time is stronghold in the activities undertaken by the company. Globalization has impacted on many international firms, and so has it on PwC. The consistent process of converting the world into a global village has been realized through the contribution of many internationally competitive firms. The role played by PwC in that process cannot be ignored. Client welfare and success in the pursuit of the desired goals and objectives has been the primary line of business for PwC. Its major operations... The intention of this study is PwC as an internationally recognized company with numerous firms that are in partnership with it, with its many years in the field of accountancy, consultancy and even tax related issues it has proven to be one of the world’s most reliable firm. Their aim has been to support its clients in designing, managing and executing lasting beneficial change. Change management is an essential operation factor for any given company. In this regard, PwC’s diversity and dynamism over time is stronghold in the activities undertaken by the company. Globalization has impacted on many international firms, and so has it on PwC. The consistent process of converting the world into a global village has been realized through the contribution of many internationally competitive firms. The role played by PwC in that process cannot be ignored. Client welfare and success in the pursuit of the desired goals and objectives has been the primary line of business for Pw C. Its major operations are focussed on how effective the company meets the demands of its clients. Bringing affiliate firms on board has been a key driver of how well PwC manages its client base and operational portfolio. PwC is known to host most of the knowledgeable and experienced staff members that offer the necessary help one may require in handling complex financial accounting related issues, this may comprise matters such as share plans, valuations, pensions, listings, conversion of IFRS, corporate treasury functions and company secretarial functions.